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.htaccess guide to MIME types
MIME types are file types – originally for email (“Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions”). But don’t just think of them as “file types” because MIME suggests a specific format for specifying them. If you’ve ever written an HTML doc, you’re likely to have specified a MIME type. Probably even without realising it:
<style type=”text/css” src=”/style.css” />
The type attribute refers to a particular MIME type.
MIME types on your server
Occasionally you might find that your web server isn’t set up to deliver a specific file type. And any requests for that type of file just don’t work. Usually, you can get around this by putting the MIME type in your .htaccess file.
AddType text/richtext rtx
This directive has three space-separated parts:
The AddType command
The MIME type
The file extension.
You can associate a number of different file extensions with the same MIME type on one line.
AddType video/mpeg mpg MPEG MPG
Force Download by MIME Type
Want every link to a type of file to automatically download, rather than just open in your browser? Then, use the MIME type application/octet-stream, like this:
AddType application/octet-stream pdf
As before, you can include numerous file extensions:
AddType application/octet-stream rtf txt pdf docx doc
List of File Extensions and MIME Types – .htaccess basics
Here’s an incomplete list of file formats and associated MIME types. If you manage your own website, you may already know your file types. Therefore, you don’t need to paste the whole list into your .htaccess file. But if you run a site with others who could be uploading all sorts of stuff, then yes. This might help to avoid any potential publishing mishaps. This particularly relates to file sharing or project management sites where folks are bound to be sharing lots of files.
AddType application/macbinhex-40 hqx
AddType application/netalive net
AddType application/netalivelink nel
AddType application/octet-stream bin exe
AddType application/oda oda
AddType application/pdf pdf
AddType application/postscript ai eps ps
AddType application/rtf rtf
AddType application/x-bcpio bcpio
AddType application/x-cpio cpio
AddType application/x-csh csh
AddType application/x-director dcr
AddType application/x-director dir
AddType application/x-director dxr
AddType application/x-dvi dvi
AddType application/x-gtar gtar
AddType application/x-hdf hdf
AddType application/x-httpd-cgi cgi
AddType application/x-latex latex
AddType application/x-mif mif
AddType application/x-netcdf nc cdf
AddType application/x-onlive sds
AddType application/x-sh sh
AddType application/x-shar shar
AddType application/x-sv4cpio sv4cpio
AddType application/x-sv4crc sv4crc
AddType application/x-tar tar
AddType application/x-tcl tcl
AddType application/x-tex tex
AddType application/x-texinfo texinfo texi
AddType application/x-troff t tr roff
AddType application/x-troff-man man
AddType application/x-troff-me me
AddType application/x-troff-ms ms
AddType application/x-ustar ustar
AddType application/x-wais-source src
AddType application/zip zip
AddType audio/basic au snd
AddType audio/x-aiff aif aiff aifc
AddType audio/x-midi mid
AddType audio/x-pn-realaudio ram
AddType audio/x-wav wav
AddType image/gif gif GIF
AddType image/ief ief
AddType image/jpeg jpeg jpg jpe JPG
AddType image/tiff tiff tif
AddType image/x-cmu-raster ras
AddType image/x-portable-anymap pnm
AddType image/x-portable-bitmap pbm
AddType image/x-portable-graymap pgm
AddType image/x-portable-pixmap ppm
AddType image/x-rgb rgb
AddType image/x-xbitmap xbm
AddType image/x-xpixmap xpm
AddType image/x-xwindowdump xwd
AddType text/html html htm
AddType text/plain txt
AddType text/richtext rtx
AddType text/tab-separated-values tsv
AddType text/x-server-parsed-html shtml sht
AddType text/x-setext etx
AddType video/mpeg mpeg mpg mpe
AddType video/quicktime qt mov
AddType video/x-msvideo avi
AddType video/x-sgi-movie movie
AddType x-world/x-vrml wrl
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